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Si è aperta a Bali, in Indonesia, la conferenza delle Nazioni Unite sui cambiamenti climatici, che riunisce tutti i paesi del mondo. L’obiettivo è mettere a punto una strategia per limitare le emissioni di gas a effetto serra dopo il 2012, integrando il protocollo di Kyoto. La conferenza si chiuderà il 14 dicembre.

Di seguto un articolo pubblicato da AKI ADNKRONOS INTERNATIONAL

Representatives from more than 190 countries are meeting in Bali at the United Nations climate change conference in a bid to protect the planet from worsening damage from greenhouse gas emissions. The two-week conference of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) is the third meeting of the parties to the Kyoto Protocol. It is expected to produce a preliminary framework for a deal to replace the protocol when it expires in 2012. The Kyoto Protocol was approved in December 1997 and ratified by 175 countries. “The scientific debate has been conclusively laid to rest by the latest scientific findings from the UN’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change - climate change is unequivocal and accelerating,” said Indonesian environment minister and president of the conference, Rachmat Witoelar.

“Countries now have to agree on the agenda for the negotiations. This will cover the key areas for the new climate change deal and what the organisational and procedural arrangements are to get to this result,” he said. But president Witoelar clearly pointed out that the Bali conference will not deliver a fully negotiated climate change deal. “However, whilst the launch of negotiations and a clear deadline of 2009 to end the negotiations would constitute a breakthrough, anything short of that would constitute a failure,” he added.
Any new deal is likely to cover carbon emissions, deforestation, technology transfer and financing, particularly to aid poor countries in an increasingly warmer planet. “It is essential that vulnerable developing countries are in a position to draw up plans to prepare for climate change impacts,” said UNFCCC executive secretary Yvo de Boer. “It is also essential that agreement is reached on how the Kyoto Protocol’s adaptation fund is managed so that the fund can begin financing real adaptation projects.” Progress on technology is needed to reach agreement on a framework for technology cooperation for the next few years. The UNFCCC’s Expert Group on Technology Transfer (EGTT) facilitates access by developing countries to clean technologies. A decision to reduce emissions from deforestation in developing countries is anticipated to include an agreement on methodological work on measuring emissions, pilot projects and resources for developing countries. For the UNFCCC Executive Secretary, ongoing work to strengthen the Kyoto Protocol’s clean development mechanism is indicative of how industrialised countries can continue to take the lead in reducing global emissions.

“Action in the north is needed to fuel clean growth in the south,” he said. “Whilst it is clear that we will need to continue using fossil fuels for some time to come, we can’t afford conventional technologies to continue to keep a grip on the world.” According to Yvo de Boer, items relating to the ongoing work under the convention and protocol need to be concluded in Bali in order to free up the negotiation capacity needed for the post-2012 process. “Parties need to create the tool box that can reduce emissions cost-effectively and enable economic growth, he said. “The final step of the two-year negotiating process will be to define targets and the type of legal instrument that is needed to make the new international deal work.”